Hi, We have a big Ceph cluster (RGW case) with a lot of big buckets 10-500M objects with 31-1024 shards and a lot of io generated by many clients. Index pool placed on enterprise SSDs. We have about 120 SSDs (replication 3) and about 90Gb of OMAP data on each drive. About 75 PGs on each SSD for now. I think 75 is not enough for this amount of data, but I’m not sure that it is critical in our case. The problem: For the last few weeks, we can see big degradation of some SSD OSDs. We can see a lot of Ops (150-256 in perf dump) for a long time and we can see high avg ops time like 1-3 seconds (this metric is based on dump_historic_ops_by_duration and our avg calculation). These numbers are very unusual for our deployment. And it makes a big impact on our customers. For now, we make Offline compaction of ‘degraded’ OSDs and after compaction, we see that all PGs of this OSD are returned on this OSD (because recover is disabled during compaction) and we see that OSD works perfect for some time, all our metrics are dropped down for few weeks or only few days… And, I think the problem is in the rocksdb database which grows by levels and slows down requests. And I have few question about compaction: 1. Why can't automatic compaction manage this on its own? 2. How can I see RocksDB levels usage or some program metric which can be used as a condition for manual compacting? Because our metrics like request latency, OSD Ops count, OSD avg slow ops time are not 100% relative to rocksdb internal state. We try to use perf dump, bluestore.kv_xxx_lat metrics, but I think they are absolutely useless. Because we can see higher values after compaction and restart OSD then these metrics were before compaction, lol. We try to see OSD logs with debug_rocksdb=4, but we can’t understand this output compare it between good and bad OSDs: Uptime(secs): 3610809.5 total, 600.0 interval Flush(GB): cumulative 50.519, interval 0.000 AddFile(GB): cumulative 0.000, interval 0.000 AddFile(Total Files): cumulative 0, interval 0 AddFile(L0 Files): cumulative 0, interval 0 AddFile(Keys): cumulative 0, interval 0 Cumulative compaction: 475.34 GB write, 0.13 MB/s write, 453.07 GB read, 0.13 MB/s read, 3346.3 seconds Interval compaction: 0.00 GB write, 0.00 MB/s write, 0.00 GB read, 0.00 MB/s read, 0.0 seconds Stalls(count): 0 level0_slowdown, 0 level0_slowdown_with_compaction, 0 level0_numfiles, 0 level0_numfiles_with_compaction, 0 stop for pending_compaction_bytes, 0 slowdown for pending_compaction_bytes, 0 memtable_compaction, 0 memtable_slowdown, interval 0 total count ** File Read Latency Histogram By Level [p-0] ** ** Compaction Stats [p-1] ** Level Files Size Score Read(GB) Rn(GB) Rnp1(GB) Write(GB) Wnew(GB) Moved(GB) W-Amp Rd(MB/s) Wr(MB/s) Comp(sec) CompMergeCPU(sec) Comp(cnt) Avg(sec) KeyIn KeyDrop ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L0 0/0 0.00 KB 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52.0 52.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 155.2 343.25 176.27 746 0.460 0 0 L1 4/0 204.00 MB 0.8 96.7 52.0 44.7 96.2 51.4 0.0 1.8 164.6 163.6 601.87 316.34 237 2.540 275M 1237K L2 34/0 2.09 GB 1.0 176.8 43.6 133.2 175.3 42.1 7.6 4.0 147.6 146.3 1226.72 590.20 535 2.293 519M 2672K L3 79/0 4.76 GB 0.3 163.6 38.9 124.7 140.7 16.1 8.8 3.6 152.6 131.3 1097.53 443.60 432 2.541 401M 79M L4 316/0 19.96 GB 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.3 19.7 2.0 151.1 131.1 5.94 2.53 4 1.485 2349K 385K Sum 433/0 27.01 GB 0.0 438.0 134.9 303.0 465.0 161.9 36.1 8.9 136.9 145.4 3275.31 1528.94 1954 1.676 1198M 83M Int 0/0 0.00 KB 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0 0.000 0 0 and this log is not usable as ‘metric’. Our Ceph version is: 16.2.13 and we use default bluestore_rocksdb_options.